See the Win Shares post for more about Win Shares and the defensive adjustments I make through 1909.
For each position played, I examined the rate of defensive Win Shares per 1,000 innings achieved by actual Hall of Famers (categorized by position) and developed a scale to apply to the players under evaluation. Based on that, I give the player a grade for his defense.
Because the rest of the tests for position players are focused primarily on hitting, my Win Shares Defense grade gets the normal weight in the GPA.